Psycho is a 1960 American horror-thriller film directed by Alfred Hitchcock starring Anthony Perkins, Vera Miles, John Gavin, andJanet Leigh. The screenplay is by Joseph Stefano, based on the 1959 novel of the same name by Robert Bloch loosely inspired by the crimes of Wisconsin murderer and grave robber Ed Gein.
The film centers on the encounter between a secretary, Marion Crane (Leigh), who ends up at a secluded motel after embezzlingmoney from her employer, and the motel's disturbed owner-manager, Norman Bates (Perkins), and its aftermath. When originally made, the film was seen as a departure from Hitchcock's previous film North by Northwest, having been filmed on a low budget, with a television crew and in black and white. Psycho initially received mixed reviews, but outstanding box office returns prompted reconsideration which led to overwhelming critical acclaim and four Academy Award nominations, including Best Supporting Actressfor Leigh and Best Director for Hitchcock.
It is now considered one of Hitchcock's best films and praised as a work of cinematic art by international film critics and film scholars. Ranked among the greatest films of all time, it set a new level of acceptability for violence, deviant behavior and sexuality in American films. After Hitchcock's death in 1980, Universal Studios began producing follow-ups: three sequels, a remake, a television movie spin-off, and a TV series.
In 1992, the US Library of Congress deemed the film "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" and selected it for preservation in the National Film Registry.
| Directed by | Alfred Hitchcock |
|---|---|
| Produced by | Alfred Hitchcock |
| Screenplay by | Joseph Stefano |
| Based on | Psycho by Robert Bloch |
| Starring | Anthony Perkins Vera Miles John Gavin Janet Leigh |
| Music by | Bernard Herrmann |
| Cinematography | John L. Russell |
| Edited by | George Tomasini |
| Production company |
Shamley Productions
|
| Distributed by | Paramount Pictures (Original) Universal Pictures (Later releases) |
| Release dates |
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| Running time | 109 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
| Budget | $800,000 |
| Box office | $60,000,000 |
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